黄河远远地奔流而上，仿佛与天际的白云相接；一座孤城坐落在万仞高山之间，显得孤寂苍凉。
羌笛何必吹奏那哀怨的《折杨柳》曲调呢？春风本来就吹不到玉门关外，又何必去抱怨这戍边的苦寒呢？
{"notes":[{"word":"仞","exp":"古代长度单位，七尺或八尺为一仞。万仞，形容极高。"},{"word":"孤城","exp":"孤立无依的城池，指戍边城堡，渲染荒凉孤寂之感。"},{"word":"羌笛","exp":"羌族管乐器，音色凄清，常用以表达边塞思乡之情。"},{"word":"何須","exp":"何必，不必。反问语气，表豁达或无奈。"},{"word":"怨","exp":"埋怨、哀怨，此处兼指笛声含怨与戍人思归之情。"},{"word":"楊柳","exp":"双关语，既指《折杨柳》曲（笛曲名），又指自然柳树，暗含惜别怀乡之意。"},{"word":"春風","exp":"字面指春风，实喻朝廷的关怀或温暖的政治清明。"},{"word":"度","exp":"越过、经过，此处指春风（恩泽）吹不到玉门关外。"},{"word":"玉門關","exp":"古关名，今甘肃敦煌西北，唐代通往西域的要道，象征边塞极远之地。"}]}